Yes, special items looted from missions can affect combat stats.
Please note that there are level-based restrictions, so the maximum number of items is always limited.
For battles, the system will automatically use your best attack-based items in attack situations and your best defense-attribute items in defense situations.
In short, if the loot item you obtain outperforms the stats of the items already in your inventory, then yes, it will impact your combat performance
Tomasz Kula